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5G networks divide coverage areas into smaller zones called cells, enabling devices to connect to local base stations via radio. Each station connects to the broader telephone network and the Internet through high-speed optical fiber or wireless backhaul.
In 5G, base stations are known as gNB, where the “g” stands for next Generation. The Mobile Core is a bundle of functionality (conventionally packaged as one or more devices) that serves several purposes. Provides Internet (IP) connectivity for both data and voice services. Ensures this connectivity fulfills the promised QoS requirements.
5G Base Stations: Compared to 4G base stations, 5G brings higher data throughput and power density, significantly increasing heat generation. Therefore, the performance requirements for thermal materials are much higher. ● Small/Micro Base Stations: These base stations are compact, with limited space, making thermal design more challenging.
Major suppliers of 5G radio and core systems included Altiostar, Cisco Systems, Datang Telecom/Fiberhome, Ericsson, Huawei, Nokia, Qualcomm, Samsung, and ZTE. Huawei was estimated to hold about 70 percent of global 5G base stations by 2023.
According to the GSMA website, 261 operators in 101 countries started to deploy a 5G network by January 2024, while MPT will be included as a 5G service provider in Myanmar. “We are trying our best to bring world-class communication technology to the Myanmar users.
Last year MPT has carried out High-Speed LTE expansion in Yangon and Mandalay and 5G trial will be one of MPT's initiative in satisfying customers. According to GSMA website, as of January 2024, 261 operators in 101 countries had launched commercial 5G services and MPT will be one of the 5G service providers in Myanmar.
ort further growth in Myanmar's broadband services. It is evident that the vast majority of Myanmar's mobile towers are not co ected to terrestrial transmission or backhaul networks. Ideally, such backhaul networks should fibre optic cable networks given their superior capacity
Myanmar's telecom market is dominated by four major mobile operators: Myanmar Post Telecommunications (MPT), Atom Myanmar (formerly Telenor), Ooredoo Myanmar, and Mytel. Competition is fierce, with over 95% 4G population coverage achieved. Operators are now diversifying their services into FTTH and e-commerce to drive further growth.
The construction of the 5G network in the communication system can potentially change future life and is one of the most cutting-edge engineering fields today. The 5G base station is the core equipment of the 5G network, and the performance of the base station directly affects the deployment of the 5G network.
The 5G baseband unit is responsible for NR baseband protocol processing, including the entire user plane (UP) and control plane (CP) protocol processing functions, and provides the backhaul interface (NG interface) with the core network and the interconnection interface between base stations (Xn interface ).
A 5G Base Station is known as a gNode B (next 'generation' Node B). This is in contrast to a 4G Base Station which is known as an eNode B ('evolved' Node B), and a 3G Base Station which is known as a Node B. Figure 21 illustrates two Standalone (SA) Base Station architectures, known as 'option 2' and 'option 5'.
2. Control Unit (CU) The Central Unit (CU) efficiently orchestrates network resources and manages base stations, playing a critical role in enhancing 5G RAN performance and adaptability. One of the key functions of the CU is to establish and release connections between user equipment and the network.
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