Dynamical modelling and cost optimization of a 5G base station
Despite this, implementing sleeping methods in both 4G and 5G small cell BSs isn''t sufficient to achieve significantly improved energy efficiency. Thus, the energy efficacy of
Setting up a 5G base station is expensive, with costs ranging from $100,000 to $200,000 per site. This price includes hardware, installation, site rental, and maintenance. Urban areas often have higher costs due to land prices and infrastructure challenges.
The explosive growth of mobile data traffic has resulted in a significant increase in the energy consumption of 5G base stations (BSs).
1. Introduction 5G base station (BS), as an important electrical load, has been growing rapidly in the number and density to cope with the exponential growth of mobile data traffic . It is predicted that by 2025, there will be about 13.1 million BSs in the world, and the BS energy consumption will reach 200 billion kWh .
Estimates suggest that operating expenses (Opex) for 5G will be 30-50% higher than for 4G. This increase is due to higher energy consumption, increased site maintenance, and the complexity of managing a dense network of small cells and new frequency bands.
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